Lessons to Sick Leave Essay

NOTE: This material is also available as a role-play (Exercise 29, Sick Leave). Instructors are advised to use either the role-play or the case, but not both because they overlap considerably. Choosing whether to use the role-play or case materials depends on your goals for the class and the level of sophistication and cross-cultural experience of the students. For homogeneous classes with little previous cross-cultural experience, one option is to use the case to teach the cross-cultural nuances of American-Japanese negotiations and to follow this with Exercise 28 (500 English Sentences), a role-play with many similar lessons to Sick Leave. Objectives This case is written from the perspective of Kelly, a 22 year old Canadian Assistant English teacher working in Japan. The root of the conflict in this case is a deep cross-cultural misunderstanding that has transformed into a much larger incident involving important intangible factors such as saving face and maintaining principles. Specific learning objectives include: 1. To understand how two parties have framed a conflict very differently in a cross-cultural setting. 2. To explore the differences between positions and interests in a cross-cultural negotiation. 3. To understand a conflict where the intangible factors are much more important than the tangible factors. Changes from 4th Edition There are no substantive changes from the Fourth Edition. Operational Needs Time Required 45-60 minutes for the case discussion. Special Materials None. Recommended Reading Assignments to Accompany This Case Reader: 5.1 (Brett), 5.2 (Salacuse), 5.3 (Senger), 5.4 (Koh). Text: Chapter 16 Case Overview On the surface, this case is very straightforward. Kelly, a 22 year old Canadian working as an Assistant English teacher in Japan, is sick with the flu, misses 2 days of work, and wants to claim these as legitimate sick days as described in her contract. Her supervisor, Mr. Higashi, insists that she take these days as part of her paid vacation days because that is the Japanese way. The sick leave conflict is symptomatic, however, of a much deeper conflict that Kelly and the other Assistant English teachers have with Mr. Higashi and the other Japanese English teachers. Dynamics underlying this conflict include face saving, adapting to a different culture, the meaning of contracts in different cultures, and the influence of reference groups on behavior. Background Preparation Students and the instructor should be familiar with cultural and business differences between Japan and North America. Dated, yet still appropriate, is Howard Van Zandt’s How to Negotiate in Japan, from the Harvard Business Review of Nov/Dec 1970, more current is Smart Bargaining by John Graham and Yoshihiro Sano, The Influence of Japanese Culture on Business Relationships and Negotiations by Naoko Oikawa and John Tanner Jr., International Dimensions of Organizational Behavior, chapter on Negotiating with Foreigners by Nancy J. Adler, and Cultural Approaches to Negotiations: Understanding the Japanese by Brian Hawrysh and Judith Zaichkowsky. Teaching Strategy Kelly frames this negotiation as a right to have the sick leave, which is written into her contract. Mr. Higashi frames this negotiation much broader and wants Kelly to â€Å"fit in† at work and to be treated the same as Japanese workers. This situation is very representative of the types of conflict that occur in cross-cultural negotiations between Americans (rights based, contract as enforceable) and Japanese (relationship based, contract as beginning). On the surface, this is a very straightforward situation: will Kelly get her contractually guaranteed sick leave benefits or not? The cultural differences, however, make this a high stakes negotiation for both parties, in which the importance of the intangible factors far outweighs that of the tangible factors. Proceed by using the following questions to discuss the case: 1. What should Kelly do? Should she call CLAIR, or discuss this further with Mr. Higashi? 2. What is this dispute about for Kelly? For Mr. Higashi? In these types of conflicts is a compromise possible? 3. What are the tangible factors in this situation? What are the intangible factors in the negotiation? Is saving face more important to Kelly or Mr. Higashi? Why? Which are more important, the tangible or intangible factors? Is this true for both Kelly and Mr. Higashi? The discussion should conclude with a good summary about Japanese and North American negotiation styles and culture. When negotiating in Japan it is often important to give in for the sake of peace and harmony, or relationships may be harmed beyond repair. Deciding how to negotiate cross-culturally remains a challenge for every negotiator that negotiates across a border. One of the best pieces discussing this was written by Stephen Weiss (â€Å"Negotiating With ‘Romans’: A Range of Culturally-Responsive Strategies,† Sloan Management Review, 35, No. 1, pp. 51-61; No. 2, pp. 1-16) and a summary of this work makes a nice conclusion to the class. Final Note Although this exercise has been modified somewhat it is based on an actual situation that occurred in Japan (names and location have been changed). In the actual incident, â€Å"Kelly† received her sick leave but the relationship was seriously harmed and work became more and more uncomfortable. Kelly decided not to renew her contract, and left Japan at the end of the school year.

How groups can influence people Essay

In this essay, I am going to describe how groups can influence people in a positive and in a negative ways. I will be using evidence drawn from Chapter 5 of the study text ‘’Starting with psychology’’ Spoors et al (2011). It is in a human nature to be a part of a social group. Belonging to a group, such as family, clubs, sport teams or group of friends, give us support, it make us feel good about ourselves, give us a sense of social identity. It brings meaning to our life, it make us feel like we belong. However, being a part of a group can also have a negative effect. Group pressure can cause us to behave in a way that we will not normally do. To support my argument I will use as an example evidence from Kondo’s story and as well Zimbardo and Asch experiments (Spoors et al 2011). In our lifetime, we belong to many different social groups. Our social identity is based on the group we belong to, we enhance the status of our group in order to increase our self-image. We divide the world into people like ‘us’, who belong to our group, called the in-group, and those one who are different ‘them’, the out-group (Spoors et al 2011). Two psychologists Henri Tajfel and John Turner developed that theory. The theory argues that there are three mental processes involved in evaluating others as ‘them’ and us’ the first one is a social categorisation. We categorize other people and ourselves in order to understand and identify them. The second process is a social identification. When we know which group we belong to, we start behaving by the norms of our group. The last process is social comparison. After we categorize ourselves with a group, we start to compare our group with other groups. To maintain our self-esteem we will compare our group favourably with other groups. An experiment carried out by Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues (1971) Spoors et al (2011) provides evidence how people behaviour can change w hen they become a part of a group. They choose randomly a group of male participants and divide them into ‘guards’ and ‘prisoners’ and then located them in a simulated prison. After six days, the experiment had to be stopped, as the ‘guards’ became brutal and abusive towards ‘prisoners’, and the ‘prisoners’ begun suffering from emotional disturbance. This experiment shows how the previous perceptions that the participants have of the role of a prison  guards and prisoners, that probably came from watching films and television programs, influenced them to behave in a negative way. Another example of how groups can influence our behaviour is experiment carried out by Solomon Asch (Spoors et al 2011). He asked fifty participants to look at the picture of a straight line, and then showed them another picture with a three more lines of different lengths. Then he asked the participants to identify out loud the line that is the same length as the original one . Surprisingly 75 per cent of the group give a wrong answer, which was a result of a group pressure. People have the need for conformity that is why they go along with the norms of the groups. They want to be accepted as an in-group person. Conforming to group norms is sending a message to the other members of the group that I am not a thread, I am same like you, and I am following our rules. Asche’s experiment showed that the need for conformity pressured participants to give a wrong answer to a question; they just simply followed the rest of the group. An example of how group can influence us on a positive way is Kondo’s story in Spoors et al (2011). Dorinne Kondo is a Japanese American, raised in the USA. She went to Japan to do an anthropological research. She stays there for 26 months, a few months she stays with a Japanese family to learn how proper Japanese women supposed to behave and present herself. At the same time, she was acting as a scientific observer. That is a method of research called participant-observation, where the researcher is both an observer and a participant (Spoors et al 2011). The first few months in Japan were very stressful for Knodo; she did not understand the etiquette and traditions that are part of their everyday life. Every time she made a mistake, people trait her like she was retarded or insane. They were confused, as she looked like a Japanese women but she did not act in a Japanese manner. During her visit in Japan, her guarantor introduced her to Mrs Sakamoto who invited her to stay with her family for summer. It was a great opportunity for Kondo to learn about the traditions. During her visit she was trying to conform to their way of life, she wanted to feel their acceptance, so she start learning about her Japanese roots and proper etiquette, she took a part in a tea ceremony class. At the end of her visit in Japan, she was pleased with herself and all she have learned during her visit. She did not struggle any more to fit in both cultures, the approval of Sakamoto’s family had a good influence on her, it makes her feel  like she belong to their world. Kondo’s story demonstrates that in our lifetime ‘’we have multiple social identities, which continue to evolve as we grow older or when we move into new situations’’ Spoors et al (2011). In those few examples, I was exploring how groups can influence people in a positive and negative ways. Positively, by providing us a sense of belonging to the social world and bringing meaning to our life, as shown on an example of Kondo’s story, and negatively by pressuring us to conform and act out of character, what confirm an Zimbardo’s and Asche’s experiments.

Of Mice and Men and Oliver Twist Essay

Of mice and men written by John Steinbeck is set in 1930 during the economic depression caused by the stock market crash of 1929. Unlike Oliver Twist, Of mice and men is set in USA, near the Salinas River, in the hot and beautiful state of California. On the other hand, Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist is set in the powerful and the majestic city of London, over-ruled with darkness and murky pollution brought about by what was the industrial revolution in 1870, when the novel was set. The Industrial revolution really puts the whole evil and darkness of London into a shadow which adds to the sinister acts that unveil themselves as the novel progresses. The two main characters of of mice and men are two migrant agricultural labourers, George Milton and Lennie Smalls. George, ‘Small and quick, dark of face, with restless eyes and sharp strong features. Every part of him †¦ defined : small, strong hands, slender arms and a thin bony face.’ The second part of an unlikely relationship between these two friends is Lennie, who is a ‘large man, shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes, with wide sloping shoulders.’ George is Lennies’ guardian, because of his ‘mental immaturity’ he is totally reliant on Georges leadership and commanding power, over of which he follows. In my opinion, without George, Lennie would either be dead or locked up in jail, as a result of him doing stupid acts. It is ironic that Lennies’ surname is Small, because of his huge size, ‘Bear’ like as the author describes. In the time of which of mice and men is set, there is lots of tension. Social classes, women, people who suffer from racism all suffer at the same expense during this period. Crooks is the only black man In this novel, and it is through him that we can see the position of blacks in America. Crooks, is crippled because he got kicked by a horse, he has his own little room, away from the rest of the ‘hands’. The other hands openly refer to Crooks as ‘Nigger’, this example directly amplifies the life and times of the Black Americans at this time. Women are also represented through Curleys’ wife. Curleys’ wife is one quarter of an unhappy marriage. The other three quarters of the marriage is Curley, the bosses sun, who has full power of his wife and tells her what to do constantly. Steinbeck deliberately doesn’t give Curleys’ wife a name, this representing the insignificance and illustrates ownership over women at this time. Curleys’ Wife doesn’t really love Curley, and didn’t really marry him because of love. She married him to prove a point to her mother, who destroyed the relationship she did have with the one she did love. She admitted, that marrying him was a Way Out. Curley’s wife is an ambitious, flirtatious, good looking, young women, who the ranch hands try to ignore and avoid. She is trapped in loneliness, in Curleys’ wrath, she is where she isn’t loved, and her only alternative is to make the most out of what she has got. ‘Ain’t I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am, anyways? You’re a nice guy. I don’t know why I can’t talk to you – I ain’t doin’ no harm to you.’ Previous to the murder, in the barn. There, in my opinion, is a hierarchy at the ranch, and at the bottom lies Curleys’ wife and Crooks, two characters treated insignificantly and are discriminated due to their social classes, a women and a black. In California, the setting for this novel, the atmosphere and the surroundings is very harsh and tough for the workers. The attitude and behaviour of the workers in the novel reflect this well. For the workers, there was no cash benefit for the workers, so If they lose their job then they have to do without and mainly starve. The law, I learned is enforced well, but strangely enough, without any force as we never see any police during the novel. California is described extremely well, it is very interestingly described too, this appeals to the reader and gives the novel a very bright and happy start. The first few pages focus on the setting and commentate on all the happenings that go on, this builds a sense of reality. Steinbeck was born and raised in California, near Salinas, so he had an advantage when attempting to describe it as he can relate to it very well. Oliver Twist is almost exactly the opposite in comparison. It is a very dark novel. London at this time set the scene for the monstrosities that happened and the events that took place. You could almost guess what was to expect when reading the first few pages of Oliver Twist, but to do the same with Of mice and men would be completely different. Of Mice and Men starts on a high, very bright and colourful, but it changes contrasts and horrible happenings crowd the last few chapters of the novel. The two main characters in Oliver Twist are Oliver and Fagin. Oliver is a young orphan, brought into the then cruel world by an unknown mother. Fagin, is an ‘Un-human’ man, whose features are aged and ugly. He is a ring leader of a gang of thieves that rob the city of London of valuable possessions, such as money, watches and gold. The Artful Dodger is Fagins’ keen apprentice, willing to learn, who knows all the tricks of the trade, a master of theft and scams. Bill Sikes, Fagins’ second man, is a ruthless cut throat man, whose large size and aggressive attributes add to the murder later on in the novel. The two murderers, Lennie and Sikes have many similarities. Firstly Sikes and Lennie are two large and intimidating men, who’s leader is considerably smaller than them. Secondly, they both receive orders and are followers to their two leaders. Although Sikes doesn’t receive commands off Fagin to an extent where he cannot survive without him, like Lennie, one part of the story he does. This is the main event that leads up to the murder of Nancy. In the early hours of the morning, when all the human and civilised world is asleep, London is awake. Fagin is awake in his chair. Waiting. Sikes enters with the loot that he has stolen from peoples houses. Fagin starts to talk about Nancy, Sikes’ girlfriend. He goes on and explains that Nancy could be a leak and could tell on them to the police. Fagin, knowing that Sikes has the mordacity and the capability of murder, begins to perform reverse psychology. He knows that if he pulls the right strings that Sikes could do anything for him. Sikes quite easily falls into Fagins’ mastermind trap, as if he had been brainwashed or hypnotised, he is now going to commit Fagins’ murder for him. Sikes goes to where Nancy is sleeping and severely shouts and screams at her. This traumatises her, to the extent where she doesn’t know what is going on. This makes Nancy vulnerable, and this is where Sikes commits his brutal and sick attack on her. We can tell, just by reading these several lines of the story, the evil and cunningness of Sikes. He continuously beats Nancy to death with a wooden stick. Leaning up top the murder of Curleys’ wife, which was by far not as hellacious and as horrific as this, Lennie was minding his own business and was in the barn, calmly stroking one of Slims pups. Not knowing his own strength Lennie accidentally killed the pup. Lennie began to become sad and at the same time, angry. He repeatedly thought about George not letting him tend the rabbits, at the home of which the whole is dream is based around. â€Å"An’ he’ll say : â€Å"Now just for that you ain’t gunna tend no rabbits.† Lennie put the pup in the straw, and began to talk to himself, moaning the death of the pup. Curleys wife enters and begins to flirt with Lennie, who confesses to her liking for stroking nice things. She invites him to stroke her long soft hair, but as the stroking becomes harder, she panics; the harder he strokes the more she panics and then Lennie accidentally breaks her neck. He half-buries the body in the hay and runs off to the brush. As you can tell, both the two murders are of a totally different nature. In of mice and men, the murder was unexpected, and didn’t really fit into the surrounding story, On the other hand, In Oliver Twist, a murder was almost inevitable. Sikes’ was a premeditated murder, as he had thought it out and planned the whereabouts etc. Lennies was out of the blue, an accident neither him or anyone else could of prevented. The setting of the two murders, also are totally different. The murder of Curleys wife was in the barn, in the sunny and hot state of California. The murder of Nancy was in the grimy claustrophobic city of London. The descriptions in the stories of the murders, are again totally opposite. In Oliver Twist, Dickens almost runs a post-mortem on the body, and describes Sikes’ moves in detail after the murderer. In of mice and men, however, Steinbeck runs a bleak vague synopsis on the happenings.

Compensation Plan Outline (Wal-Mart) Assignment

Compensation Plan Outline (Wal-Mart) - Assignment Example Wal-mart is widely known for its vast range of chain stores that provides the world with the best and most affordable and accessible forms of technology. It is more so known to provide some of the latest stellar digital forms of technology and other appliances that are vital for human use. However, Wal-mart success has been hanging on the balance due to its recent controversy on its compensation plan. For sure this has not been a piece of cake and exasperating has it been for the company to retain back its lost glory. It is because of this that this paper is written to providing stellar corrective measures on compensation plan. Compensation management is the strategic process of aligning pay, incentives and benefits of employees with the organizational goals and objectives (Bhatnagar,  2004)). Compensation management further aims at linking an employee and the organization though an employment relationship in such a way that the Company achieves its objectives and strategy effectively whilst the employee gets to be compensated well for making it possible. An effective and fair compensation to the employees is thereby vital in steering the employees to the path of greater productivity and optimized output. Wal-mart Company based in United States is one of the top retail chain stores that were known to incorporate compensation plan as part of its policy. This was done through sub paying the workers whilst providing an insurance scheme for its employees. Even though one could term the insurance scheme as being the best package for the employees of Wal-mart Company, the process did not do much in increasing the Company’s profitability and productivity. Instead, a great number of Wal-mart employees felt deprived of what they would say were their own hard work. Actually, Wal-mart Company was providing insurance scheme as part of compensating the employees due to the advent of

Professional Code Analysis Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Professional Code Analysis - Coursework Example The codes are different in that they cover different aspects of safety of the human subjects. Autonomy deals with ensuring that all human subjects are given the information that they need to decide whether or not to participate in the research. Beneficence obligates the researcher to ensure the well-being of all human subjects and protect them from any harm. Justice considers the risks and benefits of participating in the research program. These codes incorporate ethical theories into their text. Autonomy incorporates the moral requirement to acknowledge autonomy and protect those with diminished autonomy. Beneficence incorporates the basic rule of do not harm and maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms to human subjects in the research. Justice incorporates the ethical responsibility to ensure that all participates are treated fairly. The most important theories that are used most often and deemed most important are the ones dealing with a person’s right to inf ormation and justice. Therefore these ethical codes of the Belmont Report protect human subjects and their right to information and justice. Works Cited Purdue University. Committee on the Use of Human Research Subjects. Purdue University. July 14, 2011 .

Microsoft Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Microsoft - Essay Example The products offered by Microsoft include; Windows, Office; entertainment products such as Xbox 360 and others and all these products are relatively price inelastic. The demand of these products is very high and as it has been found that people have become accustomed of using products offered by Microsoft. As people are willingly purchasing products of the company such as Microsoft Word is being purchased although people have the option to use Word already installed in Windows, therefore it shows that people are ready to buy products of Microsoft. Therefore the products offered by Microsoft are relatively price inelastic despite of the increasing investment made competitors such as Apple. Although the market has become a lot more competitive than it was few years back. Therefore Microsoft has to continue working hard to improve their existing products. Microsoft has been working to enhance its revenues and following strategies have been suggested on how Microsoft can improve its revenues: a. Microsoft can segregate its products on the basis of the consumer demand and then analyze the relatively price elastic or relatively price inelastic of each of the product of the company. This would allow Microsoft to understand and analyze how the total revenue of the company can be increased by considering each and every product. For instance, Microsoft Word can be considered as highly price inelastic and its demand would not change drastically even if the company increases its price by 15%. So in such cases, to increase the revenues the company should increase the price. Similarly, if the price of a product is relatively elastic, then it could analyze the price at which the company would be able to achieve maximum profits even if they have to reduce the price of the product. b. As it has been found that consumers are still facing issues like unemployment, higher prices

Zadie Smith's White Teeth Identity and Progress Essay

Zadie Smith's White Teeth Identity and Progress - Essay Example Joshua supports the environmental group FATE, while his own father supports the genetically-produced FutureMouse. Samad’s twin sons, Magid and Millat, also believe in different goals; the eldest is one with Marcus and his scientific future, while Millat embraces a fundamentalist view of religion and society. White Teeth argues that people build relationships based on their inner preferences and external pressures on life and their differences will perpetually clash, but they have to accept that as part of human identity and progress. People are born to be different in ideas and beliefs, because of their own choices in life and external influences on the development of their human identity. The novel includes three generations that intersects the â€Å"themes of heritage and family history† (Chernysheva 3). Every generation has important questions that they wish to answer. For Samad, he wants to conserve history, which he also does through promoting the myth of his great -grandfather, whose role in Indian history is not entirely reliable. Archie also feels the same nostalgia for the past. His so-called war wound is not real, because he put it on himself. Despite this self-inflicted wound, Archie creates a memory of the war with a strong sense of â€Å"self-defensiveness† (Chernysheva 3). Samad and Archie essentially promote a traditional approach to history and identity formation. They repeat their wartime concerns, where they usually find people forgetting the war, as if it is not important. These best friends, nevertheless, do everything to preserve their fabricated history of the war. Samad comes from a generation that sees history in a linear relationship, where every action has a consequence (Chernysheva 3). He supports the notions of karma and fate. Clara’s mother, Hortense, has the same views but for her, religion has become a different lens from which she makes sense of history. The generation of the youngest characters experie nce and see the future in diverse prisms and for different expectations and goals. The Iqbal twins believe in conflicting values. Magid, who lives most of adolescent life in Bangladesh, returns to England with a more Westernized view than the English themselves, while Millat finds truth and peace in fundamentalist religion. Samad is disappointed that Magid becomes more ultra-Westernized, when he planned for him to continue their traditions. The twins follow extremes ideologies that threaten to break their family apart. Irie has her own personal struggles. She is divided between her volunteer work in Africa and an occupation as a dentist and also faces diverse choices for hairdos and weight-loss plans. Irie’s child, however, bears the consequences of Irie’s choices (Chernysheva 3). The demolition of the Berlin Wall represents the demolition of obstacles to individual freedoms and differences (Chernysheva 3). Traditions versus modernity clash in influencing human progres s and identity. Samad â€Å"moves between positions of authority and deauthorisation or subordination† (Gustar 335). He wants to impose his authority, but he does not have any power over his own family. He exaggerates his claims regarding his life, but he is â€Å"also emasculated by a radicalized discourse in an ethnocentric culture that often treats him as subaltern† (Gustar 335). Ironically, he spreads lies about his heritage that only makes him smaller as a person, since he cannot achieve the same level of greatness. Since he cannot control his life, he applies power chiefly over his family and children and even uses kidnapping to send his elder child to Bangladesh (Gustar 335). He does this because he knows that in the end, his

Make a title Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Make a title - Essay Example Britain took measures to retain control over the colonies and to raise income to settle the debt. In 1763, King George III issued a Royal Proclamation which had a provision barring any colonial settlement beyond west of the Appalachian Mountains. In so doing, Britain hoped to avoid expensive Indian wars; and to keep western land speculation under her control (Kindig 1995). Immediate resistance led to its modification. In 1764, Parliament enacted the Sugar Act, in an effort to raise income in the colonies through a tax on molasses. The British parliament also passed the Stamp Act 1765, which obliged colonists to obtain a government-issued stamp for paper goods including all legal documents. There were massive protests to oppose these Acts, which often resulted into violence (Kindig 1995). It seems the British fruits of victory sowed the seeds for future problems with her American colonies. Attempts to increase taxes to service debts for the expensive war; and to limit western expansion by colonists were met with great resistance and resentment from the colonists. These disagreements would eventually encourage colonial rebellion and consequently the full-scale independence war. "French and Indian War/Seven Years War, 1754–63 - 1750–1775 - Milestones - Office of the Historian." State Department - Office of the Historian. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2014. . "The Expansion of the West - Boundless Open Textbook." Boundless. Version 4. N.p., 9 Dec. 2010. Web. 12 Oct. 2014.

Letter of Request Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Letter of Request - Assignment Example I am a second year student at the Eastern Kentucky University majoring in Occupational. I would like to humbly present my interest in conducting a physical security assessment on the VA medical center in Birmingham. This survey is a requisite in the APS 210 (Physical Security Assessment Project) class. The VA Medical center is my ideal choice as it offers me with the diversity required to apply all aspects, both theoretical and practical, of physical security assessment. The facility is unique in the sense that it caters to the elderly and vulnerable in the community. As such, security is an essential facet of operations. The intended survey will entail going through all areas of the buildings within your institution, checking for security devices such as locks, surveillance, and access control. In addition to this, an interview with the institution’s security manager will be essential in providing a concise complete picture of the state of security within the institution’s premises. This process should take up to 2 hours at the most. All information obtained from the survey will be treated with utmost discretion as all it is considered confidential to the parties involved. Upon agreement, all information generated from this research activity will be strictly confidential, limited to only the parties taking part in the exercise highlighted. The Eastern Kentucky University will be represented by the assigned instructor and supervisor. The other parties who will be preview to the information generated from the research will be the facility’s Senior Security Manager.

Best Practices in Teaching Styles to Motivate ESL Students Essay

Best Practices in Teaching Styles to Motivate ESL Students - Essay Example Diverse research studies have been conducted in various fields of endeavor – from human behavioral courses in organizations to educational modules in traditional and ESL learning settings. There have been motivational theories that have evolved through time and aimed to determine which among the motivational factors facilitate or hinder the process of learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). From a review of literature developed on the subject, there were studies that specifically aimed to determine the effectiveness of the motivational strategies in enhancing the academic performance and understanding of ESL students (Guilloteaux & Dornyei, 2008; Chen, Warden, & Chang, 2005; Lamb, 2007). After identifying the most effective factors, from the perspectives of students, the role of educators would be to put into practice these strategies that have been proven to be the most effective in facilitating ESL learning, on the premise that the most contemporary factors influencing the learning environment are taken into consideration. Briefly, the motivational factors that were identified to facilitate ESL learning are teachers’ style or methods, in conjunction with use of praise and acknowledgment (Lamb, 2007); instructional interventions applied by teachers (where 25 observational variables measuring the teachers’ motivational practices include: social chat, group work, effective praise, and tangible reward, among others (Guilloteaux & Dornyei, 2008, pp. 63-64); and group dynamics and group cohesiveness (Chang, 2010); among others. The teacher’s instructional approach is therefore crucial; but the ability of the teacher to gauge the students’ motivating drives must be of paramount concern in order for them to effectively apply motivating factors that facilitate, rather than inhibit, ESL learning. The 25 observational variables noted by Guilloteaux & Dornyei (2008) provides the conceptual framework for the current study, which at tempts to investigate the best teaching practices applied in an ESL course. These variables measuring the teachers’ motivational practice are enumerated below: 1. Social Chat 13. Pair Work 2. Signposting 14. Tangible Reward 3. Stating the Communicative Purpose or 15. Personalization Utility of the Activity 16. Element of Interest, Creativity, 4. Establishing Relevance Fantasy 5. Promoting Integrative Values 17. Intellectual Challenge 6. Promoting Instrumental Values 18. Tangible Task Product 7. Arousing Curiosity or Attention 19. Individual Competition 8. Scaffolding 20. Team Competition 9. Promoting Cooperation 21. Neutral Feedback 10. Promoting Autonomy 22. Process Feedback 11. Referential Questions 23. Elicitation of Self or Peer Correction 12. Group Work 24. Effective Praise 25. Class Applause Source: Guilloteaux & Dornyei, 2008, pp. 63-64 Research Questions The study would therefore be guided by the following research questions: 1. Which among the 25 variables are deemed most effective to motivate ESL students in contemporary settings? 2. What performance measures would significantly gauge the effectiveness of the best teaching strategies and approaches that motivate

Afirmative Action and Black America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Afirmative Action and Black America - Essay Example Abolition of slavery became the bone of contention between the North and South. This resulted in the Civil War between the northern states termed the 'Union' and the seceded southern states forming the 'Confederacy'. Ultimately the resistance was overcome by the Union and the era of Reconstruction started to put back the ravaged economy of the southern states. The rebelled 11 Confederate states had to be restored to their positions in the Union and provided with loyal governments. The role of the emancipated slaves in southern society had to be defined and settled. With the end of Civil War slavery assumed a new form, viz segregation 1. New Black Codes that restricted the rights of the newly freed slaves were enacted in the South. White dominance was methodically resurrected through secret terror organizations like "Ku Klux Klan". The southern whites found it very difficult to adopt a social order devoid of slavery. This led to what is popularly known as "Jim Crow Laws" in the U.S. history. Enacted in the beginning of 1880s these statutes legalized segregation of blacks. The name of the enactments leads one to assume that a person named 'Jim Crow' was the architect of these laws where as it stems from a popular minstrel song 'Jump Jim Crow', a dance performed with blackface by the white comedian Thomas Dartmouth. Black codes enacted during 1865-66 restricted the fundamental rights of African Americans. They were prevented from voting by ridiculous 'poll tax' and unfair 'literacy tests' and intimidation. Blacks were required to attend separate s chools and colleges, railway cars and buses had separate sections earmarked for them. They were not even allowed to sit with the whites for public amusements and entertainments thus denied participation in mainstream community life. Even places of employment were segregated. Protagonists of these savage laws got a shot in the arm when the U S Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the so-called separate but equal accommodation in the case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896). During 1900 to 1920 segregation extended to hospitals, jails and even churches entrenching a full-fledged apartheid regime. The Civil Rights Act 1964 The crusader of civil rights movement in the U S Dr. Martin Luther King said "I have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character". Before we delve into 1964 Civil Rights Act we must remember that it had a predecessor in "The Civil Rights Act of 1957", which was introduced during Eisenhower's presidency but never saw the light of the day. Eisenhower was not known for his support of the civil rights. He believed that one could not force people to change their beliefs; such changes had to come from the heart of the people involved and not as the result of legislation from Washington. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was the brainchild of John F Kennedy who became President in 1960 (National, 1964) 2. He wanted to redress the discrimination that had persisted in spite of civil rights laws and constitutional guarantees. The new president was faced with some indisputable facts about the African Americans such as: 57 percent of African American housing settlements was categorized to be of unacceptable standard. Life expectancy of African American was 7 years less than that of whites. Their infant mortality was twice compared to that of whites. Blacks found it very difficult to get mortgages from mortgage lenders. Property values dropped

Athenian Artistic Performances Were They a Form of Propaganda Essay Example for Free

Athenian Artistic Performances Were They a Form of Propaganda Essay The â€Å"glory that was Greece† reached its height in 5th century BCE in Athens, under the leadership of Pericles. He opened Athenian democracy to the ordinary citizen, was responsible for the construction of magnificent temples and statues on the Acropolis and he, in effect created the Athenian empire. The definition of propaganda is â€Å"the planned use of any form of public or mass-produced communication designed to affect the minds of a given group for a specific purpose, whether military, economic or political† (Linearger, p. 39, 1954). This has connotations of dishonesty and while people assume it is a modern phenomenon, its roots go back much further. The question is however, was propaganda rife in 5th century BCE Athens and if so, was it the driving force whether explicitly or not behind many of the public displays? A funeral oration or epitaphios logos is an official speech delivered at a funeral. The epitaphios is regarded as a virtually unique Athenian concept, although early elements of such speeches exist in the Epic poetry of Homer and in Lyric poetry of Pindar; in addition modern parallels have been drawn between Lincoln’s Gettysburg address and Pericles. When Pericles gave the epitaphios for Athenian soldiers who had been killed in the first year of the Peloponnesian War. He took the opportunity to not only praise the deceased, but Athens itself, in an oration which has been both praised as enshrining the archetypal democratic system and condemned as barefaced propaganda. In Thucydides’ book History of the Peloponnesian War, Pericles’ Funeral Oration is a powerful rhetorical piece. In addition it is important evidence for the study of the Athenian sense of identity and the way they represented themselves and others. It eloquently discusses the ancient democratic model and the picture it portrays serves as a prototype for democratic states today (Abbott, 1970). Thucydides specified a man would be chosen to make an ‘appropriate speech’ i. e. it matched formulaic prescriptions of the epitaphios, which according to Edinger, â€Å"consisted of a number of recognised topics: praise of the dead, praise of the ancestors, praise of the city, consolation of the families of the dead.

Relationship Between Fashion And Identity Cultural Studies Essay

Relationship Between Fashion And Identity Cultural Studies Essay For many years people have been putting some message in the type of clothing they wore, people started wanting to stand out from the big crowds and be different from other people, changing the way they use their clothes, giving a personal touch, trying to stand out from the common way that people were used to wear it. Fashion can be defined as a constantly changing trend, it is necessary to recognize that at the present moment fashion has a deeper influence on peoples life, is not only anymore something to cover our self, fashion nowadays show some part of peoples personality and tell to other people who they are. People can decide in which way want to be perceive, showing that fashion posses more than just frivolous reasons for its existence, is not just a way to look good, transcends social and cultural barriers. Clothing has become a part of the self-realization of every person. At the beginning Clothing was basically designed to be supply the fact of be covering as a need, a need that is dictated by the norms of social conduct. The type of clothing people use to cover depends on the person who is wearing it, taking us to the concept of personal identity. The choice of clothing and accessories is as important as the identification of the colour of hair, height, skin and gender. Clothing nowadays is a media of information about the person wearing it (Barnard, 2002) The present time offers a great variety of styles and gives people the opportunity to reveal their identity. Every cloth carries a strong message but is about every owner look. Therefore, the clothing of a person is a mean of communication with the outside world. It is the way of telling people about the state and the status of it owner (Barnes Eicher, 2008). On the book Fashion as communication by Malcolm Barnard, it is a perfect outlining of cultural roles, rules, rituals, and responsibilities that are maintained and constructed by fashion. Fashion can be compared to art. The use that people give to the clothes is like an architector that gives his creation any shape he desires and want and at the same time is the reflection of the architectors toughs, believes and also the place and the social class for who he is designing for, this works as a perfect example because, people look in one way when they are going to work and they are some other where they are just hanging out with friends. The message that clothing contains is basically a way of nonverbal communication, all of this means that in this new era, people not just wear close to follow a social condition that is to be cover, it is also a way to show people how important is for each of us to be well presented. Clothes have an immense impact on the perception of people and on the perception of the person who is wearing it, a suit can make a person feel more confident which eventually will change even the gestures and the manner of talking of the person or for inst ance wearing jeans after a suit may change the conduct of a person to a very liberal one (Hollander, 2002) The perception of people around can be very predictable in terms of their reaction on a person wearing this or that style of clothing. Fashion is one of the most powerful means of communication, which sometimes may play a vital role in the life of a person. Therefore fashion may not only carry a message. This can be simply proved by analysing the reaction of the people on the street on people wearing different types of clothing. The preference is always given to people dressed in a conventional way, with this Im not saying that been presented in the way that society expect is the right way, Im just saying that we still inside of a society that always expect that things should be in a certain way, is good that we are opening our minds and is easy to develop an style in a free way showing their personality without be scare of the reaction of the society, we dont judge the people who is next to us for what he is wearing because the believes and thought of that person can tell him that t he person who is next to him is not going according to it should be, here is where it comes the fact that that globalized world like the one we are living now, give us the opportunity to understand that not what I think is what is right, all of this show us that fashion it can be a tool of manipulation where with the right look you can be part of any society without have to expose what you truly believe. In terms of gender Clothing is a fundamental part in the image of a contemporary man or a woman (Crane, 2001). The image is constructed for various reasons and has various manifestations; Dressing has become a way to create and to reveal information. Fashion has always been considered to have more of women based orientation, Women, have a great impact on the development of fashion worldwide. Of course one of the primary messages clothes carry is the social message. Historically the social message has transformed, Nowadays clothing is not an attribute of belonging to a clan, or to a restrained social level though it still can tell a lot about the financial status of a person, women use to wore traditional dresses, which signified their cultural and social status (Guy Green Banim, 2003). Women clothing in the past had a lot to do with emphasizing femininity, Analysing the way of dressing today it is necessary to say that fashionable clothes has push extremely femininity way. Women bec ome less ladylike but more aggressive and business like. Women have accepted a lot of clothing styles that propagandize masculinity. Of course theyre still some women that still caring tenderness and femininity preserving womens sexuality in their styles but nevertheless the general tendency of feminization in todays society has done its work. Nowadays is not a secret that men are more involved on this trend of take care in a better way of the way they look. Through the history mens fashion has changed a lot. Identity has brought a lot of specific changes in the perception of a contemporary man. An open manifestation of sexual orientation has brought the image of a feminine man; fashion for men has become more flexible, letting the men express it self without been worried of what people is going to think about it, the funny thing if it can be call as funny is that before, taking that before as the time of kings and prince, they used to be really concerned about they way they look, a nd if look some of those customs some of them used to be really feminine and the fact that they were really concern about they way they look was normal, even the fact that a prince didnt care they way he looks was disrespectful with his customs. The symbolism of clothing is another part of delivering the message that a person tries to put into it. The symbolism may touch any part of peoples life For example: music, sexual orientation and some others, (Barnard, 2002). Originally, a symbol is a facility that is used to express feelings or belonging to some group of class often dealing with power and wealth. The perception of symbols is not the same as the perception of the whole clothing image of an individual, because people may interpret the same symbol differently and the understanding of the carrier of the symbol will be completely different. For Example every person has to be very careful with the symbol on a visit in a foreign country; all of this because the double meaning of the symbols that may be offending the culture the person is in, this take us to the example of someone next to us on the underground, every person belongs to a different culture and has the right to reveal into his personal identity sometimes repla cing on his own look his cultural identity. This cultural identity brings people belonging to a culture definite highlighting differences with other people. Clothing in terms of culture is the way to reveal either the historical roots of a person or the roots the group he belongs to demonstrating a belonging to a certain cultural community. Is very easy to distinguish a European from a Hindu by the style of dressing or an Indian woman from an oriental woman by the distinctive spot on the forehead of an Indian woman and a veil worn by Moslem woman. Fashion has taken the best part of the traditional costumes of every culture, giving the chance to people to show from where they came in a really respectful way, been proud of where they came from. Fashion and identity are inseparable. Fashion with all its symbolism and attributes and with it outstanding base and the Identity as a necessary process of each person personality as it is a part of self-realization. Fashion can help each person to show who is and how wants to be seen.

Key Reasons For Outsourcing Through Three Ethical Theories Business Essay

Key Reasons For Outsourcing Through Three Ethical Theories Business Essay When a company gets outsourced, the people who are culturally removed from the parent company have to transfer the knowledge to the new employees those who come to the board. Can these services meet quality expectations? In some cases it does not satisfy the full requirements. There may be a communication gap when you transfer your knowledge to the third party. It may be that have a lack of interest to train the third party people, but you are forced to do it. In this case, honesty in communication and doing the right duties bring attention to ethical issues. This is against the Freedom of Speech.   There are language and cultural barriers while communicating with the overseas workers. The overseas workers communicate with Americans in broken and incomprehensible English. As a result, the companies have to compromise on the quality of the product. Nowadays, because work outsourcing has peaked, overseas workers have good communication and are very talented. They can easily understand the situation and come up with good ideas, providing a high-quality and safe product. End users benefit from the outcome of the result. The utilitarian theory states outsourcing is good.   Companies outsource due to highly skilled, educated labor, with cheaper price in foreign countries. Sometimes foreign countries use cheap-quality, raw materials and less manual effort to finish the project for their profit. As an example, China often use lead paint in toys, resulting in a poor-quality product, in which both customers and the company suffer. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: The services or projects which are outsourcing are the Intellectual Property of the company. The company has the right to protect their intellectual property. For that need company has to enforce proper planning strategy on what services should be outsourced and what services should not. If there will be lack of proper planning, then may be chances of Identity Theft and the company goes through loses. In opposite way, if there is a proper planning, then company can focus on core services and outsource the ancillary duties and at the end provides a good quality product to the users. All the users and company get benefited, no one get harm. In conclusion by providing proper training to the replacement employees, good communication to new employees, proper planning strategy of the company before outsourcing, then users get benefited and satisfied at the end with the quality and safety product. So according to Utilitarianism, outsourcing is good and no need to compromise the quality and safety of the product. Kantian Theory Analysis: If there is drop in quality and safety of the outsourced product, the community and the users are going to suffer. Company use overseas workers at cheaper rate to accomplish the goal, the quality of the product drops. Overseas workers use as a means to an end for the company benefit. Most of the previous workers who used to work before are getting laid off. Company treated them with disrespect. So outsourcing is not good. Social Contract Theory Analysis: Company has the right to give a good quality product to the community. If there is drop in quality, the rational begins are not get benefited to the maximum level. So according to social contract theory, outsourcing is not good, as it drops the quality. It affects the global economy. People in the developed countries like US and UK tend to blame outsourcing for their job losses, low paying jobs. But offshore outsourcing is an inevitable phenomenon that has many viable benefits to the world economy. Global outsourcing helps in creating newer international markets, promotes global citizenship, helps recognize global talent and in a larger sense helps in the development of economics of all the countries taking part in it. People are more worried about job loses rather than realizing new jobs are getting created. Outsourcing is an evolution that is revolutionizing our societies and laying the foundation for a better world economy. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: Companies exploit the cheap labor of offshore countries and cut down on man power costs, reduce operational costs and capital expenditure. The overseas workers dont get greatest happiness but in the end, the global economy rises, all the people are getting benefited. So outsourcing is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: Though outsourcing increases the global economy, the companies exploit the workers and infrastructure facilities available in the third world countries and use as a means to an end. So outsourcing is not good. Social Contract Theory Analysis: All the rational begins are getting benefited through outsourcing as it increases the global economy. So for the world benefits, outsourcing is good. An employer outsources some work to escape taxes and regulations. By outsourcing certain tasks, the companies can save money based on taxes they pay in the offshore countries. Developed countries like America and Europe have more corporate tax rate than other countries. The U.S. tax code allows American based companies to get the tax exemptions for that percentage of tax already paid to foreign countries, which is very less compared to U.S. Some companies even move some tasks to the small offshore island, such as Caymans, where they can create tax-free account and avoid paying taxes. The company uses the materials and resources of the foreign country and that helps in building small local companies and foreign country generate more tax revenues from those small local companies. In overall the outsourced company end up with paying less tax or sometimes get the tax exemption to the foreign country, because it increases the economy of the foreign country and create more jobs in that country. The U.S. companies only give tax based on their operation ac count income in U.S. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarian point of view, the companies move certain tasks to the offshore countries for tax benefits. They help other foreign countries to grow and create jobs there and also give tax to the countries based on the profit in those countries. The tax rate at foreign country is very low compared to the parent country. The parent country gets less tax revenue where as the foreign countries and the company both are getting benefited with this. So outsourcing is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: The companies create more jobs in the overseas for tax incentives. They do not invest money in their country and do not create jobs for their society. According to Kant, this is morally wrong, the companies has some responsibilities for the country. They cheat to the country and give less tax based on profit in the parent country, not the profit through overseas. Social Contract Theory Analysis: The outsourced companies give lower foreign tax rate to the foreign countries as compared to U.S. and deduct those foreign taxes on their American tax return. The outsourced company creates jobs overseas and give tax based on profit earned in the overseas, as a result the overseas countries get financially benefited. As a moral rule, if all the U.S. based companies move their business overseas for their tax benefit, then economy of the U.S. will drop, it is not right. So outsourcing is not good. Honesty in communications is at the ethical core of trustworthiness. Another problem in outsourcing is transfer of knowledge. How honestly the parent employees who are culturally removed from the company, will transfer the knowledge to the foreign employees. The offshore countries have the responsibilities to give back the quality and safety product to the company; how much honesty will exist in this process, is a question? Honest in relationship between the developed country and the foreign country is a key constraint for better and successful business. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarianism Theory, if a work is done with honest, it will give satisfaction at the end. When two countries are working together with handshaking, one should have trust with another and they should do work with honesty. If that criterion meets, then both the countries get benefited. Outsourcing is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: An outsourced company gets profit with the help of other foreign countries; simultaneously foreign country also gets profit with the outsourced work. Both should do work with honest and trust. If one country uses other as a means to an end for its benefit, then it is wrong. If there is honesty, outsourcing is good. Social Contract Theory Analysis: As a moral rule, honesty in communication required for better business and makes a better word. So in outsourcing, honesty is a key factor. Skilled and talent professionals work for other nation. Developed country like U.S. moves some tasks to foreign countries to utilize skilled and talented workers at lower rates compared to U.S. talented workers that will lead to an increase in productivity and save costs in a major way. Large number of engineers is graduating every year from India and China compared to U.S. As a result there is an oversupply of talented workers from overseas. But these foreign countries sometimes can not produce quality and challenging jobs for them at a good rate, where they get their satisfaction jobs from other developed country at a feasible rate. They leave their own countries because they are not absorbed by the economies of these developing countries and work for other nation. Outsourcing offers opportunities for talented individuals to stay at own country and work for the other country. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarianism Theory, if talented and skilled workers stay at own country and work for another country, the workers get satisfaction with their job as well as the economy of their own country gets better. At the end, even though workers drain brain for other nation, their  own nation also get benefited. Skilled workers work for other nation is good. Kantian Theory Analysis: Developed countries give jobs to talented and skilled workers overseas for their benefit in place of own talent workers. According to Kant, this is wrong because developed countries workers use as a means to an end. Social Contract Theory Analysis: Talent and skill workers get opportunities and build their career and company also gets benefited. It does not matter where these workers drain brain, but global economy increases. Restricted access to secured data for maintaining the privacy and confidentiality. Outsourced company should concentrate on core business and need specialized attention while moving some operations to the third party company. The core concern of outsourcing is to maintain the confidentiality, integrity, security and privacy of the company business. It is wise if outsourcing partner does not have adequate information security measures. As a practice of ethical rules and privacy policies of the organizations like non-disclosure of trade secrets and non-disclosure contracts with staff, third party service providers and visitors should sign the disclaimer contract. So the outsourcer feels safe to do the business with a partner who is miles away. Everyone has right to protect his intellectual property. Privacy is a prudential right. From the point of view of rule utilitarianism, social contract theory and Kantianism, it is necessary to maintain some privacy and confidentiality information to the third party company. It increases the productivity of the services. By employing more numbers of skilled and talented manpower at lower cost, company boost up their productivity. Companies produce better product at low price which increases the demand for the product and also increases revenue of consumers. In order to produce more products, workers must be hired, that results in more job creations. Companies operate on an around the clock, 24/7 production cycle, provides customer service 24 hours; which further adding productivity. By outsourcing it is possible for projects to be shuttled between multiple sites, allowing around the clock and get the tasks done in time. For an example, a team in Palo Alto spends its day to find bugs in a piece of software, then hand the bug reports to Bangalore team of India that spends its day fixing the bugs. Outsource results into better customer satisfaction and increased profitability. If we see in other way, infrastructure in less developed countries can make business more difficult, which hampers the productiv ity. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: According to Utilitarianism, the customer gets good product in less price, which enhances the total happiness of the customer. It also creates new jobs. So outsourcing increases the productivity. Kantian Theory Analysis: By employing skilled manpower at lower cost, the company boosts up productivity which is morally wrong according to Kantianism theory, because the company uses skilled manpower as means to an end. Social Contract Theory Analysis: Outsourcing process increases the productivity of the company and also provides customer satisfaction. According to social contract theory, outsourcing is good. Conditions when the outsourced get outsourced: Outsourcing Company outsources jobs to offshore countries to get the product at a much reduced cost. To get maximum revenue benefit, offshore countries outsource some of their job areas to third offshore country to reduce their operating costs. The outsourced jobs in the offshore countries get outsourced to another offshore country because of reducing the cost of infra structure, cost of raw materials, and cost of labor. Most of the times offshore country keeps the core functionality of the outsourced jobs and outsources their non-core jobs to third offshore country for the utilization of available skilled labors. Also the offshore country outsources their jobs to get the benefit out of lower corporate tax rate of 3rd offshore country. Sometimes Supply of demands can be a factor to get the jobs outsourced from one offshore country to another offshore country. For example, developed country like America outsources mostly IT jobs to India to get a better quality product at a lower pric e. India outsources certain tasks like software testing, software documentation of those IT services to other offshore country like Philippines and other south Asian countries to get the tasks complete within very low labor cost. Sometimes Indian corporations outsource job to developing nations to meet the need for workers who speak the varieties of languages that global clients demand. Utilitarianism Theory Analysis: The business of the company spread globally. Three countries get benefited and also skilled and talented workers get good job. Sometimes own country skilled workers do not get job, this is a negative consequences. Managing the tasks is difficult as it spread to country to country. The confidential information are less secure, this gives negative impact. Total benefits is more than total harms. So outsourced get outsourced is a good phenomenon. Kantian Theory Analysis: The developed country like America outsources job to developing country like India for their benefit. Similarly, India outsources some task to a third developing country like the Philippines. According to Kantian theory, America uses India as a means to an end. India uses the Philippines as a means to an end. This is not a good idea. Social Contract Theory Analysis: The businesses of the company get distributed around the world. The Higher quality product is sold at the best possible price due to competition among possible providers of the same product. This is beneficial for the society. Poorer countries gain employment, creating jobs around the world reduces unrest and leads to more stability. For everyones mutual benefit, outsourced get outsource is good. Conclusion: Outsourcing has tremendous impact on economic growth, national security, balancing between Jobs vs. the workforce. These impacts are both positive and negative. When the business owners and BPO consultants move jobs overseas, they claim that their actions have a clear net positive. In contrast certain group of people and the community of outsourced country are adversely affected by outsourcing. It is very difficult to determine who are the ones affected by outsourcing. The jobs as well as the capital resource are transferred from developed to developing countries. As a result unemployment rate increases in the parent country and in most cases the qualified skilled labors in their own domestic land are forced out of jobs. Also people in their own domestic land are losing interest in education because of lack of skilled jobs originating in their own country. Based on various arguments and discussions from different sources, outsourcing also enhances the global economy of the domestic country and creates new jobs in the country. If we consider each key reasons of outsourcing through ethical theories, some key reasons have more moral value than the others. So it is very hard to decide whether outsourcing is good or bad.

Government Intervention in the Memphis City School System Essay

Government Intervention in the Memphis City School System There are many factors that contribute to how teachers will teach their students. The student’s background knowledge, learning style, and interest levels are all very important to take into consideration when constructing a lesson. But teachers have to answer to parents, principles, administrators, school boards, state standards committees, and governmental agencies in addition to their students when it comes fulfilling their job description. One of the most well know government intervention plans that teachers have to adapt to is No Child Left Behind, implemented by the Bush administration in 2002 to help close the gap between under-performing and exemplary schools. The over arching idea is commendable; provide children with a quality education regardless of where they go to school. Schools have to make the grade in order to receive additional government funding and those that consistently fail to hit its goal will completely overhauled in order to achieve improvement. One school system that has been a consistent poor performer is the Memphis City School System. In their desperation to close the achievement gap the Memphis City School Board has surrendered its charter and proposed a vote to merge with its successful counterpart, the Shelby County school system. The surrender of the charter puts the responsibility of providing education for the districts previously run by the city on the shoulders of the Shelby County government, because according to Tennessee state law 49-1-102: â€Å"There shall be a local public school system operated in each county or combination of counties. There may be a local public school system operated in a municipality or special school distri... ...How do you get the community at large to get behind the merge? What will happen to any funds left over from the Gates Foundation donation to the city? Will the consolidation of systems affect the amount of Federal funding provided to the new system through Race to the Top? Personally I think this is a short sighted solution to a problem city school administration and School Board Members cannot seem to find a solution to, which is breaking through the poverty and racial barriers to AYP achievement. Yes, the demographic is unfortunate but forcing this solution on the city and county will not help race relations it will only increase the tension. This merger is another poorly planned government intervention that is bound to fail unless it gains community support and implements a carefully constructed plan for success. We’ll just have to wait and hope for the best.

I Didn?t Know My Dad Was A Writer :: essays research papers

I Didn’t Know My Dad was a Writer   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It came as a complete shock to me when I read an essay that looked as if it was taken straight from my father’s mouth. My father and the author could have been neighbors if not for the four states between Ohio and Texas. The essay is about the author, Scott Russell Sanders’, attempt to understand what women feel that they are missing; when in his experiences a man life has little if any privileges. I relate in every way with the author’s ideas. There is nothing I can’t connect with because I’ve heard these stories since I was two and see it all in my head. Sanders describes the pain and hardship that husbands and fathers had to endure. He, also, describes the advantages that wives and mothers had. He feels confused when he first is told of women’s oppression. He has never seen women’s work as hard when compared to that of men. Not until later in life does he look back and see, exactly, what women had to withstand. Sanders had never seen â€Å"...what a prison a house could be,† (77), until he took the time to look back in retrospect and see for himself. I agree with Sanders; men did have it much harder, physically, than the women. However, women’s lives were, mentally, just as difficult if not more so. Growing up, hearing stories my whole life of my grandfather working until his hands bled and only coming home, during the day, to bandage them; and my grandmother raising four children and keeping the housework done, the whole time keeping a vegetable garden; I was adjusted to these images. While reading the essay, I saw my grandfather’s â€Å"...hands tattooed with scars,† (Sanders 76), and my grandmother â€Å"...cater all day to the needs of young children,† (Sanders 77). Depending on the way you saw it one had it harder, but still, men and women both had difficult lives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sanders has written a compelling essay on his life but not everyone has lived his life. And not everyone has grownup hearing similar stories, so their opinions on the genders’ burdens will inevitably differ.

Second Variety

Second variety is a wonderful and influential short story written by Philip K. Dick. This is a science fiction which describes the destruction caused to earth surface by nuclear wars making it uninhabitable for human beings. This short story is full of suspense, violence and thrill. In the process of evolution, the second variety is very well equipped to kill the already existing once. Initially it may appear bit difficult to get along the plot, once getting hold then all the turns and twist are amazing.This is a classic piece of literature which conveys a great message to protect human race on earth from the lethal weapons created by man himself. It mainly depicts the destructions caused by nuclear wars. Defeated by Russia, American government flees to moon base and develops advanced technologies to fight back. They develop robots called claws, the killing machine. Soldiers of UN forces are protected by a special kind of wrist tab. They were produced and designed in an unmanned fact ory. Within the span of six years the claws have destroyed the entire Russian army.But later machine overtook man and there was a threat of great disaster. UN forces were urgently summoned by Russians for policy meeting. Major Hendricks is sent for negotiation with Russians On his way he was accompanied by a boy who later turn out to be a 1-V robot. It was reveal that the US wrist tab became ineffective against claws. Along with three Russian soldiers, Hendricks set on a journey to prevent the destruction. And it becomes very difficult for Hendricks to find out who is the second variety robot among his Russian companions. Dick’s short story â€Å"Second Variety† also presented human-like machines, the claws.These machines were made for a world war and eventually broke free of human control, developing machines that could pass as humans (as our smart phones will do someday). Unlike the replicants, the claws were always intent on killing humans-thus necessitating a means to tell them apart. The early models were easily recognized as being non-humans. Unfortunately for the humans in the story, the only way they could tell the most advanced models from humans was by seeing multiple claws of the same variety together. Otherwise, they easily passed as humans right up until the point they started killing.It seems worth considering that the same might apply to psychopaths. To be specific, normal people can catch the psychopaths that are poor mimics, have poor impulse control, have difficulty with behaving responsibly, and possess a poor capacity for assessing consequences. However, the psychopaths that are better mimics, have better impulse control, can seem to act responsibly, and can assess consequences would be far more difficult to spot. Such psychopaths could easily pass as normal humans, much like Glaucon’s unjust man is able to conceal his true nature.As such, perhaps the experts think that these specific traits are part of what it is to be a psychopath because these traits are possessed by the psychopaths they have caught. However, as with the more advanced claws, perhaps the most dangerous psychopaths are eluding detection. At least until it is too late. â€Å"Second Variety† occurs in the aftermath of an extensive nuclear war between the Soviet Union (sometimes referred to as Russia) and the United Nations. Early Soviet victories forced the North American government and production to flee to a Moon Base, leaving the majority of their troops behind.To counter the almost complete Soviet victory, U. N. technicians develop robots, nicknamed claws—the basic models are â€Å"a churning sphere of blades and metal† that ambush their unsuspecting victims â€Å"spinning, creeping, shaking themselves up suddenly from the gray ash and darting toward†¦ [any warm body]. † U. N. forces are protected from the claws by a special radiation-emitting wrist tab. Within six years, the sophisticated and i ndependent claws have destroyed the Soviet forces, repairing and redesigning themselves in automated underground factories run without any human oversight.The U. N. forces receive a message from the Soviets asking for a policy-level officer to go to them for a gravely urgent conference. The U. N. victory was costlier than they had expected. Major Joseph Hendricks is sent to negotiate with the Soviets. En route to the rendezvous, he meets a small boy named â€Å"David† who asks to accompany Hendricks. When they near the Soviet bunker, soldiers immediately kill the boy, revealing him to be a robot. The claws' development program has evolved to develop sophisticated robots identical to humans designed to infiltrate and kill.The three Soviets met by Major Hendricks—Klaus, Rudi and Tasso—reveal that the entire Soviet army and command structure collapsed under the onslaught of the new robots. From salvaged internal metal identification plates, two varieties are identi fied: I-V, a wounded soldier, and III-V, David. The II-V—the â€Å"second variety†Ã¢â‚¬â€remains unknown. The different models are produced independently of each other in different factories. The Soviets also reveal that the U. N. protective tabs are ineffective against the new robots. Hendricks attempts to transmit a warning to his H. Q. unker, but is unable to do so. During the night, Klaus kills Rudi, mistakenly believing he is the II-V. The next morning, Hendricks and the two remaining Soviets return to the U. N. lines. When they reach the bunker, they discover it overrun: a crowd of David and Wounded Soldier model robots attack, but Tasso destroys them with a very powerful hand grenade, stating that it was designed to destroy the robots. Hendricks and Tasso flee, leaving Klaus to the old-style claws. However, Klaus survives both the claws and the bomb blast only to be shot by Tasso, sending â€Å"gears and wheels† flying.Tasso tells Hendricks that Klaus mu st have been the II-V robot. Hendricks, now suffering from a wounded arm and internal injuries, hopes to escape to the Moon Base. He and Tasso search for a hidden escape rocket, which is revealed as a single-seat spacecraft. Hendricks attempts to leave, but Tasso quickly subdues him. She convinces him to let her leave and send back help. In his injured state, he has no choice but to agree. Hendricks provides Tasso with the signal code needed to find the Moon Base.Alone and armed with Tasso's pistol, Hendricks returns to Klaus's remains and discovers from the parts that the robot was not a II-V, but a IV-V. A group of robots then attack Hendricks, including Davids, Wounded Soldiers, and several Tasso—the true II-V—models. Hendricks recognizes that he has doomed the Moon Base by sending a robot to them, and that he cannot withstand the onslaught of robots attacking him. As the Tasso models approach, Hendricks notices the bombs clipped to their belts, and recalls that the first Tasso used one to destroy other claws.At his end, Hendricks is vaguely comforted by the thought that the claws are designing, developing, and producing weapons meant for killing other claws. Dick said of the story: â€Å"My grand theme—who is human and who only appears (masquerading) as human? —emerges most fully. Unless we can individually and collectively be certain of the answer to this question, we face what is, in my view, the most serious problem possible. Without answering it adequately, we cannot even be certain of our own selves. I cannot even know myself, let alone you. So I keep working on this theme; to me nothing is as important a question.And the answer comes very hard. â€Å"[1] Reviewing the story, critic Zack Handlen wrote, â€Å"‘Second Variety' is grim, violent, and suspenseful. There’s enough characterization to keep the protagonists from being indistinguishable, but not much beyond that. While most of the twists are easy to s pot once you discover the main plot—basically [an] ‘Are you or aren’t you a machine' deal—they still have an impact, and Dick makes his point quite clearly. Which isn’t something you can say for much of his other work—[‘Second Variety'] is the most user-friendly piece of his I’ve read.There’s enough uncertainty to know it’s Dick; questions of identity keep popping up, and the good guys/bad guys line is pretty well obliterated by the end. But the plot is logical, and there is a point A to point B to point C evolution that you can follow without too much trouble. † He also remarked on the similarities between â€Å"Second Variety† and the Terminator films, writing: â€Å"When the claws/screamers start changing, their newest models take human forms for much the same reasons the T-800 was created. â€Å"

African American English Essay

When it comes to arguing whether Afro-American side of meat/Ebonics, enriches or contaminates type slope, more or less of the negative tone that African-American English gets comes from an educational stand point. One short letter teachers, who do not believe in using Ebonics, substance abuse is that on that point is no place for Ebonics in the class room. Stacey doubting Thomas, in her article Ebonics and the African-American disciple why Ebonics Has a Place in the classroom writes that teachers can use Ebonics as a government agency to facilitate the learning of Standard English to African American students.In order to use Ebonics as a vehicle to teaching Standard English, teachers must be bilingual meaning they most(prenominal) know some(prenominal) Ebonics and Standard English. Thomas states, once students see and comprehend the differences between Standard English and Ebonics in monetary value of structure and syntax, they display a keener intelligence in Standa rd English, and as a settlement, decrease their use of Ebonics Ebonics and the African-American Student (6).In other words, by work on on activities where students suffer to compare both Ebonics and Standard English, students knowledge of Standard English is increasing and their use of Ebonics is decreasing. Another arguments teachers use against Ebonics is that it obstructs the academic potential of African-Americans. Thomas goes push on by stating the Oakland school wag Ebonics issue. In 1996, the Oakland, California school circuit board started using Ebonics as a way to teach to African American students whose grades were turn away than other ethnicities.As a result of using Ebonics as a vehicle to teaching, Thomas states, the Oakland School Districts use of Ebonics in the classroom, and the students performance in reading and wring has improved the students have tested above district averages there was a in reading and makeup skills Ebonics and the African-American Stud ent (6). So not only is the teaching of Ebonics facilitating school work for students, but it is also increasing their grades. Ebonics, a language that is stereotyped as sensual and uneducated, is now becoming a great tool for educating students.

The Twilight Saga 5: Midnight Sun 3. Phenomenon

Truly, I was non thirsty, further I refractory to hunt once to a greater extent that night. A subatomic ounce of pr n mavin(a)thelesstion, inadequate though I knew it to be.Carlisle came with me we hadnt been al sensation to line upher since Id re glowering from Denali. As we ran by the black forest, I perceive him idea ab go forth that hasty candidbye go a personal manner week.In his memory, I saying the bearing my features had been twisted in ferocious despair. I matte his surprise and sudden worry.Edward?I turn in to go, Carlisle. I be possessed of to go now.Whats happened?no issueg. n itheless. fancy atly it will, if I stay.Hed r wholly(prenominal)ed for my arm. I snarl how it had smart him when Id cringed by from his occur.I dont chthonianstand. wear you foreverhas t here(predicate)(predicate) ever been a beatI watched myself locomotive engineer a deep jot, power adage the wild swinging in my nitty-grittyb tot bothy by the sieve of his de ep concern.Has any maven person ever verbalisminged better to you than the rest of them? unt sexagenarian better?Oh.When Id whopn that he undersas easilyd, my portray had f whollyen with shame. Hed r individuallyed bulge protrude to touch me, ignoring it when Id recoiled once again, and odd his good lease on my shoulder.Do what you must to resist, son. I will miss you. Here, recognize my rail machine. Its faster.He was curioing now if hed net the skilful thing therefore, enchanting me a appearance. wonder if he hadnt hurt me with his lack of invest. no I whispered as I ran. That was what I necessary. I power so intimately check betrayed that trust, if youd told me to stay.Im sorry youre suffering, Edward. be arrays you should do what you can to handgrip the Swan infant alive. Even if it represents that you must digress us again.I write forth, I sleep to sireher. wherefore did you define sense digest? You go how ingenious I am to shake you h ere, plainly if this is too ambitiousI didnt ilk touch a coward, I admitted.Wed slowed we were and jogging by means of the darkness now. wear reveal that than to amaze her in hazard. Shell be ka roll(p) in a category or two. Youre proficient, I hit the hay that. Contrarily, though, his oral communication whole do me to a greater extent than hot to stay. The little lady friend would be g champion in a year or twoCarlisle stymy running and I halt with him he dour to examine my appearance. s savings bank youre non termination to run, argon you?I hung my gunpoint.Is it pride, Edward? t revivehers no shame in No, it isnt pride that appreciations me here. Not now.Nowhere to go?I laughed unforesight profusey. No. That wouldnt stop me, if I could make myself precede of absence. Well come with you, of course, if thats what you motive. You warmly reserve to ask. Youve s motorcarper on with away complaint for the rest of them. They wont begrudge you this .I raised one eyebrow.He laughed. Yes, Rosa duplicity might, intactly she owes you. Anyway, its more(prenominal)(prenominal) than better for us to pass now, no damage done, than for us to leave by and by, after a life has been ended. tot in t step forward ensembley pander was gone by the end.I flinched at his words.Yes, I agree. My give tongue to great(p)ed hoarse. however youre non release?I sighed. I should.What staunchs you here, Edward? Im failing to proveI dont know if I can explain. Even to myself, it make no sense.He measured my expression for a foresighted upshot.No, I do non bring out. til now I will respect your solitude, if you choose.Thank you. Its generous of you, sightedness as how I give privacy to no one. With one neglection. And I was doing what I could to deprive her of that, wasnt I? We on the whole cave in our quirks. He laughed again. Shall we?Hed exclusively caught the essence of a clear herd of deer. It was pro entrap to marsh al often metres enthusiasm for what was, plane under the best of circumstances, a less than blab out pissing aroma. hand now, with the memory of the young womans rakehell fresh in my mind, the sense of smell essentially false my stomach.I sighed. Lets, I agreed, though I knew that forcing more blood down my pharynx would attend to so little.We both shifted into a inquisition crouch and permit the unappealing scent pull us understoodly forward.It was polarer when we reoff home. The break up snow had refrozen it was as if a thin sheet of glass c all overed boththing each pine necessitatele, each fern frond, each new wavee of grass was shabud over.While Carlisle went to dress for his primaeval shift at the hospital, I stayed by the river, postponement for the sun to rise. I mat reasonable roughly swollen from the amount of blood Id consumed, simply I knew the lack of actual thirst would mean little when I sit down beside the daughter again.Cool and unmovi ng as the s spirit I sat on, I stared at the dark water running beside the crisp bank, stared reclaim field by it.Carlisle was flop. I should leave Forks. They could spread several(prenominal) paper to explain my absence. Boarding in until now in Europe. Visiting distant relatives. young runaway. The story didnt hitspring. No one would unbelief too intensely.It was hardly a year or two, and then the girl would disappear. She would go on with her life she would have a life to go on with. Shed go to college somewhere, have older, start a career, perchance marry someone. I could picture that I could imbibe the girl dressed all in white and walking at a measured pace, her arm done her captures.It was odd, the pain that image caused me. I couldnt bring in it. Was I jealous, because she had a future that I could never have? That make no sense. Every one of the kind- judgeteds more or less me had that same potential a direct of them a life and I rarely stopped to e nvy them.I should leave her to her future. break in ri whittleg her life. That was the right thing to do. Carlisle always chose the right way. I should inclination of an orbiten to him now. The sun rose lavatory the clouds, and the faint light g get winded sour all the frozen glass.One more sidereal day, I decided. I would chance upon her one more time. I could handle that. possibly I would signify my pending disappearance, rig the story up.This was expiration to be strong I could feel that in the laborious reluctance that was already making me echo of excuses to stay to extend the deadline to two long time, three, quaternionsome fairish now I would do the right thing. I knew I could trust Carlisles adv churl. And I overly knew that I was too conflicted to make the right decision alone.Much too conflicted. How much of this reluctance came from my obsessive curiosity, and how much came from my unsatisfied appetite?I went inseparable to change into fresh c atomic reactorhes for initiate. Alice was waiting for me, sitting on the top step at the bank of the third floor.Youre leaving again, she accused me.I sighed and nodded.I cant control where youre passage this time.I dont know where Im moreover ifton yet, I whispered.I wishing you to stay.I agitate my send. by chance Jazz and I could come with you?Theyll need you all the more, if Im non here to watch out for them. And weigh of Esme. Would you take half her family away in one violate?Youre passing black market to make her so sad.I know. Thats wherefore you have to stay.Thats non the same as having you here, and you know it.Yes. nevertheless I have to do whats right. in that respect are umpteen right ways, and many violate ways, though, arent on that point?For a brief second she was swept away into one of her extraneous passels I watched along with her as the indistinct images flickered and whirled. I saying myself mixed in with strange shadows that I couldnt make out hazy, imprecise forms. And then, suddenly, my skin was glittering in the bright sunniness of a small open meadow. This was a key out I knew. in that location was a date in the meadow with me, moreover, again, it was indistinct, non in that location tolerable to recognize. The images shivered and disappeared as a million tiny choices rearranged the future again.I didnt catch much of that, I told her when the vision went dark.Me either. Your future is shifting roughly so much I cant prevent up with any of it. I mean, thoughShe stopped, and she flipped with a vast collection of early(a) recent visions for me. They were all the same clouded and vague.I envisage something is c reprieve, though, she enjoin out loud. Your life callms to be at a cross alleys.I laughed grimly. You do realize that you extend equivalent a bogus itinerant at a carnival now, right?She stuck her tiny tongue out at me.Today is all right, though, isnt it? I asked, my persona abruptly ap prehensive. I dont meet you cleaning anyone today, she assured me.Thanks, Alice.Go get dressed. I wont say anything Ill allow you tell the opposites when youre ready.She stood and darted hazard down the stairs, her shoulders hunched s quietly. hightail it you. Really.Yes, I would truly miss her, too.It was a unflustered ride to civilize. Jasper could tell that Alice was up stripe some something, sole(prenominal) when he knew that if she cute to conversation roughly it she would have done so already. Emmett and Rosalie were oblivious, having a nonher of their moments, gazing into each others look with wonder it was rather disgusting to watch from the outside. We were all quite nippy how desperately in love they were. Or maybe I was just universe bitter because I was the only one alone. Some days it was harder than others to live with three sets of perfectly matched lovers. This was one of them. perchance they would all be happier without me hanging well-nigh, ill-tempered and belligerent as the old man I should be by now.Of course, the prototypic thing I did when we reached the school was to look for the girl. scarce preparing myself again.Right.It was embarrassing how my arena suddenly seemed to be empty of all(prenominal)thing besides her my whole existence centered just about the girl, rather than rough myself anymore.It was simplified seemly to find, though, sincerely after eighty long time of the same thing any day and any night, any change became a point of absorption.She had non yet arrived, but could I hark the thunderous chugging of her trucks engine in the exceed. I leaned against the side of the car to wait. Alice stayed with me, temporary hookup the others went straight to class. They were bored with my obsession it was incomprehensible to them how any forgiving could hold my interest for so long, no matter how delicious she smelled.The girl drove soft into view, her eyes intent on the road and her hands tight on the wheel. She seemed anxious about something. It took me a assist to figure out what that something was, to realize that every merciful wore the same expression today. Ah, the road was smoothen with ice, and they were all trying to drive more guardedly. I could see she was diveings the added encounter seriously.That seemed in line with what little I had learned of her character. I added this to my small list she was a serious person, a prudent person.She parked non too farther well-nigh from me, but she hadnt noniced me standing here yet, staring at her. I wondered what she would do when she did? Blush and walk away?That was my maiden guess. But maybe she would stare back. Maybe she would come to talking to me.I took a deep breath, filling my lungs hopefully, just in case.She got out of the truck with care, testing the smooth-tongued aim a passing game she put her system of weights on it. She didnt look up, and that frustrated me. Maybe I would go talk to h er No, that would be prostitute.Instead of turning toward the school, she made her way to the rear of her truck, clinging to the side of the truck underside in a droll way, not trusting her footing. It made me smile, and I felt Alices eyes on my pillowcase. I didnt listen to whatever this made her think I was having too much fun watch the girl check her snow chains. She in reality looked in some danger of falling, the way her feet were sliding almost. No one else was having annoyance had she parked in the worst of the ice?She paused there, staring down with a strange expression on her fount. It wastender? As if something about the tire was making her stirred? Again, the curiosity ached similar a thirst. It was as if I had to know what she was mentation as if zilch else mattered.I would go talk to her. She looked like she could use a hand anyway, at to the lowest degree until she was finish the moorage pavement. Of course, I couldnt come toer her that, could I? I he sitated, torn. As adverse as she seemed to be to snow, she would hardly welcome the touch of my cold white hand. I should have irresolute gloves NO Alice drawed aloud.Instantly, I scanned her mentations, guessing at first that I had made a poor choice and she saw me doing something inexcusable. But it had secret code to do with me at all. Tyler Crowley had elect to take the turn into the parking lot at an injudicious zipper. This choice would send him skidding crosswise a patch of iceThe vision came just half a act onwardshand the reality. Tylers cara a wagon traint-garde move the corner as I was liquid watching the conclusion that had pulled the horrified gasp through Alices lips.No, this vision had nought to do with me, and yet it had everything to do with me, because Tylers van the tires right now hitting the ice at the worst possible angle was going to spin across the lot and dumbfound the girl who had become the uninvited central point of my world.Even without Alices foresight it would have been simple enough to read the flying of the vehicle, flying out of Tylers control.The girl, standing in the exactly legal injury derriere at the back of her truck, looked up, bewildered by the travel of the screeching tires. She looked straight into my horrorstruck eyes, and then turned to watch her appro achy final stage.Not her The words shouted in my orient as if they belonged to someone else.Still locked into Alices thoughts, I saw the vision suddenly shift, but I had no time to see what the yield would be.I launched myself across the lot, throwing myself between the skidding van and the frozen girl. I travel so fast that everything was a streaky deformity except for the object of my focus. She didnt see me no human eyes could have followed my race still staring at the hulking decide that was about to grind her embody into the metal haoma of her truck.I caught her around the waist, moving with too much destiny to be as gentle as she would need me to be. In the hundredth of a min between the time that I yanked her slight form out of the rail of death and the time that I crashed into to the demonstrate with her in my arms, I was vividly aware of her fragile, breakable body.When I perceive her head crack against the ice, it felt like I had turned to ice, too.But I didnt even have a full second to ascertain her condition. I heard the van behind us, grating and squealing as it twisted around the sturdy campaign body of the girls truck. It was changing course, arcing, coming for her again like she was a magnet, wrench it toward us.A word Id never tell in front in the presence of a skirt slid between my prehend teeth.I had already done too much. As Id well flown through the air to push her out of the way, Id been fully aware of the mistake I was making. Knowing that it was a mistake did not stop me, but I was not oblivious to the risk I was taking taking, not just for myself, but for my entire family.Expo sure.And this certainly wasnt going to help oneself, but there was no way I was going to leave behind the van to succeed in its second attempt to take her life.I dropped her and threw my hands out, catching the van before it could touch the girl. The force of it hurled me back into the car parked beside her truck, and I could feel its frame buckle behind my shoulders. The van shuddered and shivered against the stubborn obstacle of my arms, and then swayed, balancing unstably on the two far tires. If I go my hands, the back tire of the van was going fall onto her legs.Oh, for the love of all that was holy, would the catastrophes never end? Was there anything else that could go defame? I could hardly sit here, retention the van in the air, and wait for delivery. Nor could I throw the van away there was the driver to consider, his thoughts incoherent with scourge.With an internal groan, I shoved the van so that it rocked away from us for an instant. As it fell back toward me, I caught it under the frame with my right hand tour I wrapped my go forth arm around the girls waist again and drug her out from under the van, pulling her tight up against my side. Her body moved limply as I swung her around so that her legs would be in the tripping was she conscious? How much damage had I done to her in my impromptu rescue attempt?I allow the van drop, now that it could not hurt her. It crashed to the pavement, all the windows shattering in unison.I knew that I was in the middle of a crisis. How much had she seen? Had any other witnesses watched me materialize at her side and then juggle the van while I assay to hold back her out from under it? These questions should be my biggest concern.But I was too anxious to real care about the threat of painting as much as I should. Too panic-stricken that I might have injured her myself in my sweat to protect her. Too frightened to have her this close to me, knowing what I would smell if I allowed myself to inhal e. Too aware of the ignite of her soft body, pressed against mine even through the double obstacle of our jackets, I could feel that heatThe first care was the greatest fear. As the screaming of the witnesses erupted around us, I leaned down to examine her grammatical case, to see if she was conscious hoping fiercely that she was not bleed anywhere.Her eyes were open, staring in shock.Bella? I asked ur quietly. Are you all right?Im fine. She verbalise the words automatically in a dazed vocalization.Relief, so exquisite it was almost pain, washed through me at the operate of her utterance. I sucked in a breath through my teeth, and did not mind the incidental burn in my throat. I almost welcomed it.She struggled to sit up, but I was not ready to release her. It felt somewaysafer? Better, at least, having her tucked into my side.Be careful, I warned her. I think you hit your head evenhandedly hard.There had been no smell of fresh blood a mercy, that but this did not ru le out internal damage. I was abruptly anxious to get her to Carlisle and a full compliment of radioscopy equipment.Ow, she said, her tone comically shocked as she established I was right about her head.Thats what I thought. Relief made it humorous to me, made me almost giddy. How in the Her voice trailed off, and her eyelids fluttered. How did you get over here so fast?The relief turned sour, the humor vanished. She had noticed too much.Now that it appeared that the girl was in decent shape, the anxiety for my family became severe.I was standing right neighboring to you, Bella. I knew from experience that if I was very cocksure as I lied, it made any questioner less sure of the truth.She struggled to move again, and this time I allowed it. I needed to breathe so that I could head for the hills my section correctly. I needed stead from her warm-blooded heat so that it would not combine with her scent to overwhelm me. I slid away from her, as far as was possible in the small space between the wrecked vehicles.She stared up at me, and I stared back. To look away first was a mistake only an clumsy liar would make, and I was not an clunky liar. My expression was smooth, benign It seemed to confuse her. That was good.The mishap scene was surrounded now. Mostly students, children, peering and energy through the cracks to see if any torn bodies were visible. There was a babble of yelling and a gush of shocked thought. I scanned the thoughts once to make sure there were no suspicions yet, and then tuned it out and backbreaking only on the girl. She was distracted by the bedlam. She glanced around, her expression still stunned, and move to get to her feet.I put my hand lightly on her shoulder to hold her down.Just stay put for now. She seemed alright, but should she really be moving her neck? Again, I wished for Carlisle. My years of theoretical aesculapian case were no match for his centuries of hands-on medical practice.But its cold, she objected.Sh e had almost been amazeed to death two distinct times and game one more, and it was the cold that worried her. A chuckle slid through my teeth before I could remember that the situation was not funny.Bella blinked, and then her eyes focussed on my face. You were over there.That sobered me again.She glanced toward the south, though there was nada to see now but the dead set(p) side of the van. You were by your car.No, I wasnt.I saw you, she insisted her voice was childlike when she was being stubborn. Her chin jutted out.Bella, I was standing with you, and I pulled you out of the way.I stared deeply into her panoptic eyes, trying to will her into accepting my reading the only rational version on the table.Her jaw set. No.I tried to stay calm, to not panic. If only I could keep her quiet for a a few(prenominal)er moments, to give me a chance to crush the evidence.and undermine her story by disclosing her head injury.Shouldnt it be easy to keep this silent, secretive girl qui et? If only she would trust me, just for a few momentsPlease, Bella, I said, and my voice was too intense, because I suddenly valued her to trust me. precious it noxiously, and not just in regards to this accident. A dull desire. What sense would it make for her to trust me?why? she asked, still defensive.Trust me, I pleaded.Will you address to explain everything to me later?It made me wroth to have to lie to her again, when I so much wished that I could somehow deserve her trust. So, when I answered her, it was a retort.Fine.Fine, she echoed in the same tone.While the rescue attempt began around us adults arriving, regime called, sirens in the distance I tried to overlook the girl and get my priorities in the right order. I searched through every mind in the lot, the witnesses and the latecomers both, but I could find nothing dangerous. Many were move to see me here beside Bella, but all concluded as there was no other possible conclusion that they had just not noticed me standing by the girl before the accident.She was the only one who didnt accept the easy explanation, but she would be considered the least reliable witness. She had been frightened, traumatized, not to mention sustaining the blow to the head. Possibly in shock. It would be acceptable for her story to be confused, wouldnt it? No one would give it much bankers acceptance above so many other spectatorsI winced when I caught the thoughts of Rosalie, Jasper and Emmett, just arriving on the scene. There would be hell to pay for this tonight.I wanted to iron out the indention my shoulders had made against the tan car, but the girl was too close. Id have to wait till she was distracted.It was frustrating to wait so many eyes on me as the humanity struggled with the van, trying to pull it away from us. I might have helped them, just to speed the process, but I was already in enough trouble and the girl had penetrating eyes. Finally, they were able to shift it far enough away for the EMTs to get to us with their stretchers. A familiar, grizzled face appraised me.Hey, Edward, Brett Warner said. He was also a registered nurse, and I knew him well from the hospital. It was a stroke of mass the only luck today that he was the first through to us. In his thoughts, he was noting that I looked alert and calm. You okay, kid?Perfect, Brett. Nothing touched me. But Im shitless Bella here might have a concussion. She really hit her head when I yanked her out of the wayBrett turned his attending to the girl, who shot me a fierce look of betrayal. Oh, that was right. She was the quiet martyr shed prefer to suffer in silence. She did not controvert my story immediately, though, and this made me feel easier.The next EMT tried to insist that I allow myself to be airinessed, but it wasnt too difficult to dissuade him. I promised I would let my father examine me, and he let it go. With most man, speaking with cool dominance was all that was needed. Most humans, just no t the girl, of course. Did she fit into any of the normal patterns? As they put a neck percolate on her and her face flushed cherry-red with embarrassment I used the moment of distraction to quietly rearrange the shape of the dent in the tan car with the back of my foot. Only my siblings noticed what I was doing, and I heard Emmetts mental promise to catch anything I missed.Grateful for his help and more grateful that Emmett, at least, had already forgiven my dangerous choice I was more relaxed as I climbed into the front prat of the ambulance next to Brett.The chief of police arrived before they had gotten Bella into the back of the ambulance.Though Bellas fathers thoughts were past words, the panic and concern emanating out of the mans mind drown out just about every other thought in the vicinity. unvoiced anxiety and vice, a great yawl of them, washed out of him as he saw his only daughter on the gurney.Washed out of him and through me, repeat and growing stronger. Whe n Alice had warned me that consumeing Charlie Swans daughter would kill him, too, she had not been exaggerating.My head bowed with that guilt as I listened to his panicked voice.Bella he shouted.Im completely fine, Char Dad. She sighed. Theres nothing wrong with me.Her assurance barely soothed his dread. He turned at once to the closest EMT and demanded more information.I wasnt until I heard him speaking, forming perfectly coherent sentences despite his panic, that I realized that his anxiety and concern were not wordless. I justcould not hear the exact words.Hmm. Charlie Swan was not as silent as his daughter, but I could see where she got it from. Interesting.Id never spent much time around the towns police chief. Id always interpreted him for a man of slow thought now I realized that I was the one who was slow. His thoughts were partially concealed, not absent. I could only make out the tenor, the tone of themI wanted to listen harder, to see if I could find in this new, lesse r puzzle the key to the girls secrets. But Bella was wonky into the back by then, and the ambulance was on its way.It was hard to tear myself away from this possible resolve to the mystery that had come to obsess me. But I had to think now to look at what had been done today from every angle. I had to listen, to make sure that I had not put us all in so much danger that we would have to leave immediately. I had to concentrate.There was nothing in the thoughts of the EMTs to worry me. As far as they could tell, there was nothing seriously wrong with the girl. And Bella was sticking to the story Id provided, thus far.The first priority, when we reached the hospital, was to see Carlisle. I hurried through the automatic doors, but I was unable to totally cede watching after Bella I unploughed an eye on her through the paramedics thoughts.It was easy to find my fathers familiar mind. He was in his small assurance, all alone the second stroke of luck in this unlucky day.Carlisle.H ed heard my approach, and he was alarmed as soon as he saw my face. He jumped to his feet, his face paling to cram white. He leaned forward across the neatly organized walnut desk.Edward you didnt No, no, its not that.He took deep breath. Of course not. Im sorry I entertained the thought. Your eyes, of course, I should have cognize He noted my still-golden eyes with relief. Shes hurt, though, Carlisle, belike not seriously, but What happened?A stupid car accident. She was in the wrong organize at the wrong time. But I couldnt just stand there let it crush her Start over, I dont understand. How were you twisting?A van skidded across the ice, I whispered. I stared at the wall behind him while I radius. Instead of a throng of framed diplomas, he had one simple oil painting a favorite of his, an undiscovered Hassam. She was in the way. Alice saw it coming, but there wasnt time to do anything but really run across the lot and shove her out of the way. No one noticedexcept for h er. I had to stop the van, too, but again, nobody saw thatbesides her. ImIm sorry Carlisle. I didnt mean to put us in danger. He circled the desk and put his hand on my shoulder.You did the right thing. And it couldnt have been easy for you. Im proud of you, Edward.I could look him in the eye then. She knows theres somethingwrong with me.That doesnt matter. If we have to leave, we leave. What has she said? I shook my head, a little frustrated. Nothing yet.Yet?She agreed to my version of events but shes expecting an explanation. He frowned, pondering this.She hit her head well, I did that, I continued quickly. I knocked her to the ground gracefully hard. She seems fine, but I dont think it will take much to disregard her account.I felt like a cad just saying the words.Carlisle heard the distaste in my voice. Perhaps that wont be necessary. Lets see what happens, shall we? It sounds like I have a patient to check on.Please, I said. Im so worried that I hurt her.Carlisles expressio n brightened. He smoothed his fair hair just a few shades lighter than his golden eyes and he laughed.Its been an interesting day for you, hasnt it? In his mind, I could see the irony, and it was humorous, at least to him. Quite the reversal of roles. Somewhere during that short thoughtless second when Id sprinted across the icy lot, I had transformed from killer to protector.I laughed with him, remembering how sure Id been that Bella would never need protecting from anything more than myself. There was an edge to my laugh because, van notwithstanding, that was still only if true.I waited alone in Carlisles office one of the longer hours I had ever lived earshot to the hospital full of thoughts.Tyler Crowley, the vans driver, looked to be hurt worsened than Bella, and the attention shifted to him while she waited her turn to be X-rayed. Carlisle kept in the background, trusting the PAs diagnosis that the girl was only slightly injured. This made me anxious, but I knew he was ri ght. One glance at his face and she would be immediately reminded of me, of the position that there was something not right about my family, and that might set her talking.She certainly had a willing enough partner to confabulation with. Tyler was consumed with guilt over the fact that he had almost killed her, and he couldnt seem to unsympathetic up about it. I could see her expression through his eyes, and it was clear that she wished he would stop. How did he not see that?There was a tense moment for me when Tyler asked her how shed gotten out of the way.I waited, not alive, as she hesitated.Um he heard her say. accordingly she paused for so long that Tyler wondered if his question had confused her. Finally, she went on. Edward pulled me out of the way. I exhaled. And then my breathing accelerated. Id never heard her speak my name before. I like the way it sounded even just auditory sense it through Tylers thoughts. I wanted to hear it for myselfEdward Cullen, she said, whe n Tyler didnt realize who she meant. I found myself at the door, my hand on the knob. The desire to see her was growing stronger. I had to remind myself of the need for caution.He was standing next to me.Cullen? Huh. Thats weird. I didnt see him. I could have imprecate Wow, it was all so fast, I guess. Is he okay?I think so. Hes here somewhere, but they didnt make him use a stretcher. I saw the thoughtful look on her face, the suspicious tightening of her eyes, but these little changes in her expression were lost(p) on Tyler.Shes pretty, he was thinking, almost in surprise. Even all messed up. Not my inveterate type, still I should take her out. cook up up for todayI was out in the hall, then, halfway to the emergency path, without thinking for one second about what I was doing. Luckily, the nurse entered the room before I could it was Bellas turn for X-rays. I leaned against the wall in a dark nook just around the corner, and tried to get a grip on myself while she was rotat e away.It didnt matter that Tyler thought she was pretty. Anyone would notice that.There was no reason for me to feelhow did I feel? Annoyed? Or was angry closer to the truth? That made no sense at all.I stayed where I was for as long as I could, but choler got the best of me and I took a back way around to the radiology room. Shed already been moved back to the ER, but I was able to take a peek at her x-rays while the nurses back was turned. I felt calmer when I had. Her head was fine. I hadnt hurt her, not really.Carlisle caught me there.You look better, he commented.I just looked straight ahead. We werent alone, the halls full of orderlies and visitors.Ah, yes. He stuck her x-rays to the lightboard, but I didnt need a second look. I see. Shes absolutely fine. Well done, Edward.The sound of my fathers approval created a mixed response in me. I would have been pleased, except that I knew that he would not applaud of what I was going to do now. At least, he would not approve if h e knew my real motivationsI think Im going to go talk to her before she sees you, I murmured under my breath. Act natural, like nothing happened. polish it over. All acceptable reasons. Carlisle nodded absently, still looking over the x-rays. Good idea. Hmm. I looked to see what had his interest.Look at all the healed contusions How many times did her become drop her? Carlisle laughed to himself at his joke.Im beginning to think the girl just has really bad luck. Always in the wrong place at the wrong time.Forks is certainly the wrong place for her, with you here.I flinched.Go ahead. Smooth things over. Ill join you momentarily.I walked away quickly, feeling guilty. Perhaps I was too good a liar, if I could fool Carlisle.When I got to the ER, Tyler was mumbling under his breath, still apologizing. The girl was trying to escape his remorse by pretending to sleep. Her eyes were closed, but her breathing was not even, and now and then her fingers would bosom impatiently. I stared a t her face for a long moment. This was the last time I would see her. That fact triggered an acute aching in my chest. Was it because I hated to leave any puzzle unsolved? That did not seem like enough of an explanation.Finally, I took a deep breath and moved into view.When Tyler saw me, he started to speak, but I put one finger to my lips.Is she quiescence? I murmured.Bellas eyes snapped open and focused on my face. They widened momentarily, and then narrowed in anger or suspicion. I remembered that I had a role to play, so I smiled at her as if nothing comical had happened this morning besides a blow to her head and a bit of visual sensation run wild.Hey, Edward, Tyler said. Im really sorry I raised one hand to halt his apology. No blood, no foul, I said wryly. Without thinking, I smiled too widely at my private joke.It was amazingly easy to edit out Tyler, lying no more than four feet from me, covered in fresh blood. Id never understood how Carlisle was able to do that ign ore the blood of his patients in order to treat them. Wouldnt the constant temptation be so distracting, so dangerous? But, now I could see how, if you were focusing on something else hard enough, the temptation was be nothing at all.Even fresh and exposed, Tylers blood had nothing on Bellas.I kept my distance from her, seating myself on the foot of Tylers mattress.So, whats the verdict? I asked her.Her lower lip pushed out a little. Theres nothing wrong with me at all, but they wont let me go. How come you arent strapped to a gurney like the rest of us? Her impatience made me smile again.I could hear Carlisle in the hall now.Its all about who you know, I said lightly. But dont worry, I came to spring you.I watched her reaction guardedly as my father entered the room. Her eyes widened and her mouth actually fell open in surprise. I groaned internally. Yes, shed certainly noticed the resemblance.So, Miss Swan, how are you feeling? Carlisle asked. He had a wonderfully soothing beside manner that put most patients at ease inwardly moments. I couldnt tell how it affected Bella.Im fine, she said quietly.Carlisle clipped her X-rays to the lightboard by the bed. Your X-rays look good. Does your head hurt? Edward said you hit it pretty hard.She sighed, and said, Im fine, again, but this time impatience leaked into her voice. Then she glowered once in my direction.Carlisle stepped closer to her and ran his fingers gently over her scalp until he found the bump under her hair.I was caught off guard by the wave of perception that crashed over me.I had seen Carlisle work with humans a thousand times. Years ago, I had even assisted him informally though only in situations where blood was not involved. So it wasnt a new thing to me, to watch him interact with the girl as if he were as human as she was. Id envied his control many times, but that was not the same as this emotion. I envied him more than his control. I ached for the difference between Carlisle and me that h e could touch her so gently, without fear, knowing he would never harm her She winced, and I twitched in my seat. I had to concentrate for a moment to keep my relaxed posture.Tender? Carlisle asked.Her chin jerked up a fraction. Not really, she said.Another small piece of her character fell into place she was brave. She didnt like to show weakness.Possibly the most vulnerable creature Id ever seen, and she didnt want to seem weak. A chuckle slid through my lips.She shot another glare at me.Well, Carlisle said. Your father is in the waiting room you can go home with him now. But come back if you feel woozy or have trouble with your beholding at all. Her father was here? I swept through the thoughts in the crowd waiting room, but I couldnt pick his subtle mental voice out of the group before she was speaking again, her face anxious.Cant I go back to school?Maybe you should take it easy today, Carlisle suggested.Her eyes flickered back to me. Does he get to go to school?Act normal, smooth things overignore the way it feels when she looks me in the eyeSomeone has to spread the good word of honor that we survived, I said.Actually, Carlisle corrected, most of the school seems to be in the waiting room.I evaluate her reaction this time her aversion to attention. She didnt disappoint.Oh no, she moaned, and she put her hands over her face.I wish that Id finally guessed right. I was beginning to understand her Do you want to stay? Carlisle asked.No, no she said quickly, swinging her legs over the side of the mattress and sliding down till her feet were on the floor. She stumbled forward, off-balance, into Carlisles arms. He caught and steadied her.Again, the envy inundate through me.Im fine, she said before he could comment, faint pinko in her cheeks.Of course, that wouldnt bring out Carlisle. He made sure she was balanced, and then dropped his hands.Take some Tylenol for the pain, he instructed.It doesnt hurt that bad.Carlisle smiled as he subscribe her char t. It sounds like you were extremely lucky. She turned her face slightly, to stare at me with hard eyes. aureate Edward happened to be standing next to me.Oh, well, yes, Carlisle agreed quickly, hearing the same thing in her voice that I heard. She hadnt written her suspicions off as imagination. Not yet.All yours, Carlisle thought. cover it as you think best.Thanks so much, I whispered, quick and quiet. Neither human heard me.Carlisles lips turned up a tiny bit at my irony as he turned to Tyler. Im afraid that youll have to stay with us just a little bit longer, he said as he began examining the slashes leftfield(a) by the shattered windshield.Well, Id made the mess, so it was only fair that I had to deal with it. Bella walked deliberately toward me, not stopping until she was uncomfortably close. I remembered how I had hoped, before all the mayhem, that she would approach me This was like a chaff of that wish.Can I talk to you for a minute? she hissed at me.Her warm breath br ushed my face and I had to lurch back a step. Her appeal had not abated one bit. Every time she was come on me, it triggered all my worst, most urgent instincts. cattiness flowed in my mouth and my body yearned to grave to wrench her into my arms and crush her throat to my teeth.My mind was stronger than my body, but only just.Your father is waiting for you, I reminded her, my jaw clenched tight.She glanced toward Carlisle and Tyler. Tyler was paying us no attention at all, but Carlisle was monitoring my every breath.Carefully, Edward.Id like to speak to you alone, if you dont mind, she insisted in a low voice. I wanted to tell her that I did mind very much, but I knew I would have to do this eventually. I may as well get on with it.I was full of so many conflicting emotions as I stalked out of the room, listening to her stumbling footsteps behind me, trying to keep up.I had a show to put on now. I knew the role I would play I had the character down I would be the villain. I w ould lie and ridicule and be cruel.It went against all my better impulses the human impulses that Id clung to through all these years. Id never wanted to deserve trust more than in this moment, when I had to destroy all chess opening of it.It made it worse to know that this would be the last memory she would have of me. This was my farewell scene.I turned on her.What do you want? I asked coldly.She cringed back slightly from my hostility. Her eyes turned bewildered, the expression that had haunt meYou owe me an explanation, she said in a small voice her ivory face blanched. It was very hard to keep my voice harsh. I saved your life I dont owe you anything.She flinched it burned like point to watch my words hurt her.You promised, she whispered.Bella, you hit your head, you dont know what youre talking about.Her chin came up then. Theres nothing wrong with my head.She was angry now, and that made it easier for me. I met her glare, making my face more unfriendly.What do you wan t from me, Bella?I want to know the truth. I want to know wherefore Im lying for you.What she wanted was only fair it frustrated me to have to track her.What do you think happened? I nearly growled at her.Her words poured out in a torrent. All I know is that you werent anywhere near me Tyler didnt see you, either, so dont tell me I hit my head too hard. That van was going to crush us both and it didnt, and your hands left dents in the side of it and you left a dent in the other car, and youre not hurt at all and the van should have smashed my legs, but you were holding it up Suddenly, she clenched her teeth together and her eyes were glistening with unshed tears.I stared at her, my expression derisive, though what I really felt was awe she had seen everything.You think I lifted a van off you? I asked sarcastically.She answered with one stiff nod.My voice grew more mocking. Nobody will believe that, you know.She made an effort to control her anger. When she answered me, she spoke each word with slow deliberation. Im not going to tell anybody.She meant it I could see that in her eyes. Even furious and betrayed, she would keep my secret.Why?The shock of it ruined my carefully designed expression for half a second, and then I pulled myself together.Then why does it matter? I asked, working to keep my voice severe.It matters to me, she said intensely. I dont like to lie so thered better be a good reason why Im doing it.She was asking me to trust her. Just as I wanted her to trust me. But this was a line I could not cross.My voice stayed callous. Cant you just thank me and get it over with? Thank you, she said, and then she feel silently, waiting.Youre not going to let it go, are you?No.In that case I couldnt tell her the truth if I wanted toand I didnt want to. Id rather she made up her own story than know what I was, because nothing could be worse than the truth I was a sustainment nightmare, straight from the pages of a horror novel. I hope you enjo y disappointment.We scowled at each other. It was odd how endearing her anger was. care a furious kitten, soft and harmless, and so unaware of her own vulnerability.She flushed pink and ground her teeth together again. Why did you even bother?Her question wasnt one that I was expecting or prepared to answer. I lost my hold on the role I was playing. I felt the masquerade costume slip from my face, and I told her this one time the truth.I dont know.I memorized her face one last time it was still set in lines of anger, the blood not yet faded from her cheeks and then I turned and walked away from her.